U.S. and Iran Outline Operational Framework for De-escalation and Reconstruction

President Donald Trump has announced that the conflict with Iran should soon be in the "rearview mirror" as the White House prepares to formally unveil a memorandum of understanding in Geneva this Friday. The emerging framework focuses on economic normalization, headlined by the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz and the creation of a $300 billion private-sector investment fund intended for Iranian reconstruction. Global oil markets have already signaled confidence in the arrangement, with prices moving lower following the news of the shipping corridor's reopening. The diplomatic process has created notable friction with Israel, as reports indicate the Trump administration refused to allow Israeli officials to preview the memorandum before its signing. This lack of transparency appears to be a deliberate effort by the White House to prevent regional pressure from stalling the agreement. The deal also includes a significant military component, reportedly requiring the withdrawal of U.S. troops within 30 days of a final peace treaty, shifting the U.S. posture from active military pressure toward a staged disengagement. Negotiations are expected to proceed in two distinct phases over the next 60 days. The initial phase will prioritize the repair of Iranian infrastructure damaged by recent strikes and blockades, while the second phase will address nuclear constraints and broader security issues. While President Trump continues to assert that Iran "will never have a nuclear weapon" under this framework, the immediate focus remains on humanitarian and economic stabilization as a precursor to a permanent treaty.